Rigakafin Covid-19 ba zata sauya kwayoyin halitta dan adam na DNA ba.

Wani rubutu da ke yawo a Facebook a Afrika ta Kudu na cewa tsoron da ake na cewa rigakafin cutar Covid-19 zata sauya ƙwayoyin halittar ɗan adam na DNA gaskiya ne.

Rubutun na cewa: “ Abun tsoron shine ba cewa rigakafin zata hallaka mutane ba, abun tsoron shine rigakafin zata zo ɗauke da wata fasahar zamani da zata sauya ƙwayoyin halittar ɗan adam na DNA, don wasu mutane su ringa sarrafa wasu mutanen.”

Shin rigakafin Covid-19 na ɗauke da wata “fasahar zamani “ , me hakan ke nufi? Zai iya yiwuwa allurar rigakafi ta sauya ƙwayoyin halittar ɗan adam, kuma za’a iya amfani da rigakafin wajen samun ikon sarrrafa jama’a? Mun bincika.

 

 

Fasahar zamani ta Nanotechnology, ƙwayoyin halitta na DNA da RNA

Fasahar zamani ta nanotechnology itace “amfani da mafi ƙanƙantar abu wajen ayyukan kimiyya, waɗanda suka shafi halitta da sinadarai “, cewar shirin Nanotechnology na ƙasa. Britannica ta bayyana shi a matsayin “ maguɗi da kuma ƙera kaya da na'urori akan ma’aunin atam ko rukunin Ƙananan Ƙwayoyin atam”.

An yi shi akan ma’aunin nano. Nanomita daya daidai ya ke da mita biliyon ko mita 0.000000001. Ma’aunin nano na bawa masana kimiyya damar gani da sarrafa ƙwayoyin atam ɗaya bayan ɗaya da kuma ƙwayoyin molekuls”. 

An yi amfani da wannan hanyar wajen yin alluran rigakafi na “mRNA”, waɗanda suna daga cikin hanyoyin da akayi amfani da su wajen yin alluran rigakafin Covid-19 guda biyu.

Deoxyribonucleic acid, wanda akafi sani da DNA da kuma ribonucleic acid, wanda akafi sani da RNA su suke samar da nucleic acid, “daya daga cikin uku ko hudu daga cikin kashe kashen manyan ‘macromolecules’ waɗanda ke da matukar muhimmanci a rayuwa”, kamar yadda kimiyyar rayuwa ta nuna. 

Sauran sun haɗa abubuwan gina jiki, kitse da kamar yadda masana kimiyya suka ambata, abubuwan sa kuzari. DNA “ na ɗauke da shaidar ƙwayoyin halittar dan adam, wanda shine taswirar rayuwa”, wato duk bayanan ƙwayoyin halittar da ake amfani da su wajen rayuwar dukkan abu mai rai. 

Kamar yadda Africa Check ta taɓa bayyanawa a baya, ba za’a maida DNA abun da shi ya ke samar da shi ba. Idan ƙwayar halittar mutum na son samar da sinadarin furotin, umarnin samar da furotin din dole ne a juya shi zuwa abun da ake kira ɗan sakon RNA. Sannan sauran haɗin su “fassara” mRNA zuwa furotin.

Cibiyar nazarin RNA ta jami’ar Massachusetts a Amurka ta bayyana cewa idan ana son a samar da sunadaran furotin, dole ne a “karanta” DNA din har sau biyu. A “buɗe shi don bayyanar da kowacce tufka, sannan enzayim zai maida su zuwa saƙon gaggawar da ake kira ribenucleic asid”.

Rubutu akan kiwon lafiya da magunguna na Stat ya kira mRNA da “ ɗan aiken halitta don mayar da DNA zuwa furotin”. Ya ce ana amfani da fasahar zamani ta nanotechnology wajen yin allurar rigakafi ta mRNA, ana kuma amfani da fasahar lokacin da ake amfani da magungunan da ke akwai don samar da sababbin magungunan cutar Covid-19 

Cibiyar kiyaye yaɗuwar cututtaka ta Amurka, CDC ta bada waɗannan bayanai akan allurar rigakafi ta mRNA: 

• Fasahar mRNA sabuwar fasaha ce, amma dai sananniya ce. An yi sama da shekaru goma ana bincike a kanta.
• Allurar rigakafi ta mRNA bata ɗauke da ƙwayar cuta mai rai kuma bata ɗauke da barazanar haifar da cuta ga wanda aka yiwa.
• mRNA ɗin cikin allurar rigakafin baya haɗuwa da DNA ɗin mutum.

Fasahar zamani ta Nanotechnology tana da tasiri wajen yin allurar rigakafin amma ba dai dai ba ne ace allurar rigakafin na ɗauke da “ fasahar nanotechnology “. 

RNA baya sauya DNA na kwayar halittar jikin mutum

Gavi, wani ma’aikacin lafiya na al’umma kuma mai zaman kansa, wanda ke aikin ganin an samar da allurar rigakafi a ƙasashe marasa arziki, ya ce mRNA ba dai dai ya ke da DNA ba, don haka bai zai iya haɗuwa da DNA ɗin mu ba bare ya sauya shi.

“ Haka nan abu ne da ake kaffa kaffa da shi, kuma yana rataya ne a jikin ƙwayoyin halitta na tsahon awanni 72 kafin ya ƙasƙanta”, a cewar Gavi.

Farfesa Jeffrey Almond na jami’ar Oxford da ke UK ya shaidawa BBC cewa, “ yin allurar RNA a jikin ɗan adam baya taɓa ko yin komai ga DNA ɗin ƙwayar halittar mutum ba”.

Almond ya ce allurar na bawa jiki umarnin “ samar da furotin wanda ake samu a saman ƙwayar koronabairas. Sannan garkuwar jikin mutum zai koyi yadda zai gane ƙwayar cutar ta hanyar samar da ƙwayoyin kariya daga furotin ɗin.”

An tantance wannan batun akan allurar rigakafin mRNA sau da yawa, waɗanda suka tantancen sun haɗa da Reuters da Poynter.

Rigakafin RNA ga cutar Covid-19 

An bada izinin amfani da rigakafin mRNA a ƙasar Amurka da wasu ƙasashen. 

“ Kamar kowacce allurar rigakafi ta Covid-19 ma sai da aka gudanar da gwajin ingancinta mai matukar yawan kafin a amince a yi amfani da ita a ƙasar Amurka”, in ji CDC. 

Lokacin da BBC take bayani game da rashin sauri wajen yin allurar a Afrika ta Kudu, ta ce ƙasar na tsammanin samun wani kashi na allurar rigakafin Covid-19 ta Oxford-AstraZeneca a watan Janairu 2021, da ƙarin wasu a watan Fabrairu.

Allurar rigakafi ta AstraZeneca ba allurar rigakafin mRNA ba ce- ita anyi ta ne da nau’in allurar sanyi mara ƙarfi.

BBC ta zayyana nau'ukan alluran rigakafin Covid-19 da aka fitar wa duniya, waɗanda biyu daga cikin alluran mRNA ne.

Yadda aka ƙwatanta wasu alluran rigakafin 

 

 

A cikin wata takarda da aka gabatar ga majalissar dokokin Afrika ta Kudu a watan Janairu, ministan kiwo lafiya na ƙasar Zweli Mkhize ya shaida cewa  kashi 10% na allurar rigakafin da ƙasar zata ƙarba nan ba da jimawa ba, allurar mRNA ce.

Da dama daga cikin alluran rigakafin da aka rarraba a Afrika ta Kudu zasu kasance allurar AstraZeneca(70%) da kuma makamanciyar ta amma mai adadi ɗaya  ta Johnson & Johnson(20%), kamar yadda Daily Maverick ta ruwaito.

Bai kamata a ji tsoron cewa rigakafin Covid-19 wadda akayi yi don ta kiyaye kamuwa da cutar zata jirkita ƙwayoyin halittar DNA din mutum ba, kuma abu ne da ba zai yiwu ba ace za’a “sarrafa” mutum yadda ake so ta hanyar yi musu allurar rigakafi.